Vitex's active compounds (diterpenes like rotundifuran and clerodadienol) bind dopamine D2 receptors in the anterior pituitary. This suppresses prolactin secretion, and elevated prolactin is associated with PMS symptoms (breast tenderness, mood changes, and luteal phase defects). By lowering prolactin, vitex: (1) normalizes the progesterone:estrogen ratio during the luteal phase; (2) restores GnRH pulsatility; (3) improves FSH/LH balance. The effect is specifically dopaminergic, not estrogenic or progestogenic, which distinguishes it mechanistically from other "female" herbs.
Independently graded against 173,636 indexed supplements with 177 published clinical interactions, sourced from PubMed, FDA CAERS, openFDA, and NIH DSLD | Last updated:
Not medical advice. Based on published clinical research and systematic reviews.