Taurine has 5 distinct mechanisms: (1) osmoregulation, regulates cell volume and hydration (the primary function in most cells); (2) bile acid conjugation, taurocholic acid is essential for fat digestion and cholesterol excretion; (3) calcium homeostasis, modulates sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca²⁺ release in cardiac and skeletal muscle, improving contractile function; (4) antioxidant, scavenges hypochlorous acid (HOCl) produced by immune cells, reducing inflammatory tissue damage; (5) neuromodulation, acts on glycine and GABA-A receptors as an inhibitory transmitter. The longevity mechanism (Science 2023) appears to involve mitochondrial taurine modification (5-taurinomethyluridine in mt-tRNA), which improves mitochondrial protein synthesis efficiency.
No critical interactions identified.
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Not medical advice. Based on published clinical research and systematic reviews.